A gas detector is a safety device that identifies the presence of gases in a particular location. It is often part of a safety system and can detect gas leaks and other emissions.

Introduction

Gas leakage has resulted in severe hazards, with numerous fire accidents in hotels, restaurants, and homes caused by LPG gas leaks. Despite the gas's smell being an indication of leakage, it may not always be detectable. As a result, it is advisable to install an LPG gas leakage detector in hotels, restaurants, and homes. A gas detector is a safety device that identifies the presence of gases in a particular location. It is often part of a safety system and can detect gas leaks and other emissions. The gas detector can connect to a control system, which can automatically stop a process if necessary. In case of a gas leak, the gas detector can alert operators in the area by sounding an alarm, allowing them to evacuate. The importance of this device lies in the fact that various gases can pose a threat to living organisms, including humans and animals. Gas detectors can detect flammable, combustible, toxic gases, and oxygen depletion. The reason for creating this device is to provide an early warning of a gas leak before it can cause harm to human life. There have been many instances of gas leaks and explosions resulting in loss of life, hence the necessity of gas detectors.

Components Required

· Arduino Nano

· MQ5 LPG Gas Sensor

· 5mm Green Led

· 5mm Red Led

· Buzzer

· Power Supply 5v

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About MQ5 Gas Sensor

There is a range of devices known as MQ detectors that use metal oxide sensors. Different types of MQ detectors are available for detecting different gases. For instance, the MQ2 sensor can detect methane and butane, while the MQ138 sensor can detect benzene and toluene. The MQ series sensors include MQ2 for methane, butane, LPG, and smoke detection, MQ3 for alcohol, ethanol, and smoke detection, MQ4 for methane and CNG detection, MQ5 for natural gas and LPG detection, MQ6 for LPG and butane detection, MQ7 for carbon monoxide detection, and MQ8 for hydrogen gas detection

Features:

· Exhibits high sensitivity to LPG, natural gas, and town gas

· Displays low sensitivity to alcohol and smoke

· Responds quickly to changes in gas concentration

· Demonstrates stable performance over a long period of time

· Has a long lifespan

· Uses a simple drive circuit for operation.

Description:

The Gas Sensor module, specifically MQ5, is designed for gas leakage detection in both home and industrial settings. It has the ability to detect H2, LPG, CH4, CO, and Alcohol due to its high sensitivity and fast response time. Additionally, the module features an adjustable sensitivity through a potentiometer. Gas sensors, also known as gas detectors, are electronic devices that can detect and identify different types of gases, typically used for detecting toxic or explosive gases and measuring gas concentration. They are widely used in factories, manufacturing facilities, and homes to detect gas leaks, smoke, and carbon monoxide. The MQ5 Gas Sensor module is an analog output sensor that can be connected to any analog socket in Grove Base Shield, with the best preheat time for the sensor being 24 hours or more. The MQ5 sensor operates based on the principle that when a combustible gas, such as LPG, is introduced, the filament's conductivity rises, which can be measured to indicate the equivalent gas concentration. The MQ5 has an analog output, and the sensor's data can be transmitted to a WSN1101C gateway to monitor a given space for gas leaks.

Project Description

For this project, I am utilizing an MQ5 gas detector sensor along with an Arduino Nano. The voltage output of the sensor varies based on the level of smoke or gas present in the environment. The sensor produces a voltage that corresponds to the amount of smoke or gas detected, creating a proportional relationship between the sensor output and the concentration of smoke or gas.

Once the LPG gas leakage is detected, the DO pin of the sensor will generate a HIGH pulse that is constantly monitored by the Arduino. When the Arduino receives the HIGH pulse from the LPG Gas sensor module, the green LED turns off and the red LED turns on, along with a 5V buzzer that starts beeping until the LPG gas is no longer detected.

If the LPG Gas detector module sends a LOW pulse to the Arduino, then the red LED and buzzer turn off, and the green LED turns on.

Benefits

· Objective: Detect and prevent gas leakage

· Goal: Cost efficiency

· Aim: Simplify circuit design

Schematic Diagram:

Circuit Diagram of Arduino-Based Gas Leakage Detector

Hardware

Arduino Code

int redLed = 12;

int greenLed = 11;

int buzzer = 10;

int smokeA0  = A5;

// Your threshold value

int sensorThres = 120;

void setup() {

  pinMode(redLed, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(greenLed, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(buzzer,  OUTPUT);

  pinMode(smokeA0, INPUT);

  Serial.begin(9600);

}

void  loop() {

  int analogSensor = analogRead(smokeA0);

  Serial.print("Pin  A0: ");

  Serial.println(analogSensor);

  // Checks if it has reached the  threshold value

  if (analogSensor > sensorThres)

  {

    digitalWrite(redLed,  HIGH);

    digitalWrite(greenLed, LOW);

    digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH);

  }

  else

  {

    digitalWrite(redLed, LOW);

    digitalWrite(greenLed,  HIGH);

    digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);

  }

  delay(100);

}

Future Work

· Add GSM for SMS notification alert

· IOT-based Gas Leakage detection system to remotely monitor the Circuit