The 1N4004 rectifier diode is a widely used general-purpose silicon component known for its reliability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of integration in low-frequency power applications. This article will discuss the 1N4004 diode’s overview, pinout, specifications, features, working principles, applications, safety considerations, and more.

Catalog

1N4004 Rectifier Diode Overview

The 1N4004 rectifier diode is a general-purpose silicon diode used mainly for AC-to-DC conversion in low-frequency power applications. It is part of the popular 1N400x diode series, which is widely recognized for reliability, affordability, and simple circuit design. This diode is commonly found in basic power supplies, adapters, and consumer electronics.

Electrically, the 1N4004 supports a maximum repetitive reverse voltage of 400V and a forward current of up to 1A, making it suitable for moderate-voltage rectification tasks. It is typically housed in a DO-41 axial-leaded package, allowing easy installation on through-hole PCBs and breadboards. In addition to rectification, the 1N4004 is often used for reverse-polarity protection and general circuit protection.

If you are interested in purchasing the 1N4004 Rectifier Diode, feel free to contact us for pricing and availability.

1N4004 Diode CAD Models

1N4004 Diode Pinout Details

Alternatives & Equivalent Model

1N4001

1N4002

1N4003

1N4005

1N4006

1N4007

UF4004

FR107

SM4004

LL4004

1N4004 Diode Specifications

1N4004 Diode Features

General-Purpose Rectification

The 1N4004 is designed for standard AC-to-DC rectification in low-frequency power circuits. It is widely used in power supplies, adapters, and general electronic equipment that require dependable current conversion.

400V Reverse Voltage Rating

This diode supports a maximum repetitive reverse voltage of 400V, allowing safe operation in moderate-voltage environments and protecting circuits from reverse-voltage stress.

1A Average Forward Current

With a forward current rating of 1 ampere, the 1N4004 is suitable for small to medium power applications when operated within recommended limits.

High Surge Current Capability

The diode can tolerate high surge currents during power startup or transient conditions, which improves reliability and helps protect connected components.

Standard Recovery Speed

The 1N4004 features standard recovery characteristics, making it ideal for low-frequency rectification such as 50 Hz and 60 Hz power systems.

DO-41 Axial-Leaded Package

Housed in a molded epoxy DO-41 case, the diode is designed for through-hole mounting. The axial leads provide mechanical strength and efficient heat dissipation.

Multiple Packaging Options

The diode is available in plastic bags, tape-and-reel packaging, and fan-fold packaging, supporting different production and assembly requirements.

Lead-Free and RoHS Compliant

Pb-free packaging is available, making the 1N4004 suitable for environmentally compliant electronic designs.

Clear Polarity Identification

The cathode is clearly marked with a polarity band on the diode body, reducing the risk of installation errors.

Soldering and Thermal Durability

The leads and mounting surfaces are corrosion resistant and readily solderable. The diode can withstand soldering temperatures up to 260°C for short durations, ensuring reliable PCB assembly.

Wide Operating Temperature Range

The 1N4004 operates over a broad temperature range, allowing stable performance in both consumer and industrial environments.

Cost-Effective and Proven Design

With its simple construction, long-standing industry use, and low cost, the 1N4004 remains a trusted choice for general-purpose rectifier applications.

1N4004 Diode Working in Circuit

1N4004 as a Test and Characterization Diode

In the first circuit, the 1N4004 is used in a basic test setup to observe its electrical behavior under controlled conditions. A variable input voltage is applied through a 1 kΩ resistor, which limits current and protects the diode from damage. The ammeter connected in series measures the diode current, while the voltmeter placed across the diode monitors the voltage drop. As the input voltage increases, the 1N4004 becomes forward biased and begins to conduct current, typically showing a forward voltage drop close to 0.7 V. This circuit clearly demonstrates the rectifying action of the diode by allowing current to flow in one direction only and blocking it when reverse biased. Such a configuration is commonly used to study diode characteristics, verify correct operation, and confirm forward and reverse behavior.

1N4004 as a Rectifier and Protection Diode in a Transistor Circuit

In the second circuit, the 1N4004 plays a functional role within a transistor-based control system. Here, it is connected to an AC input source and acts as a rectifier, allowing only the positive half-cycles of the AC signal to pass into the control section. This rectified voltage is then filtered by the capacitor to produce a smoother DC signal that biases the transistor stages. The 1N4004 also provides protection by blocking reverse voltage that could otherwise damage the transistors or disrupt their biasing. As the transistors switch on and off to control the lamp load, the diode ensures stable and predictable operation by maintaining correct current direction. This makes the 1N4004 essential for both power conditioning and circuit reliability in low-frequency switching applications.