Home security systems are becoming increasingly crucial for the safety of individuals and their possessions as the world economy becomes progressively digitalized. People, smart homes, and the Internet of Things (IoT) can accomplish much more when they work together.

This IoT-Based Smart Home Security Systems- Part 1 article highlights the layered framework of an IoT-based home security system comprising hardware, software, and applications layers. It also discusses the importance of energy monitoring, user convenience, and sustainability principles in designing secure and efficient smart homes.

Evolution of IoT-Based Smart Home Security System

When creating and implementing smart home security, evaluating energy monitoring and control is crucial. The use of a single-board computer (SBC) in smart home security systems allows for an effective reduction of energy usage.

Notable microcontrollers play an important role in advancements of IoT-based smart home security systems like

● Raspberry Pi

● Arduino

● ModeMCU

The ability of intrusion detection and lighting control to work together is an example of the transformative potential of IoT technologies. A control center can detect intrusions and set off alarms across the entire property automatically.

Researchers found that home automation systems incorporating IoT-enabled PIR intrusion detection systems favor security by providing energy efficiency, responsiveness, convenience, comfort, and control from distant locations.

Similarly, specific challenges are associated with tailoring smart home security systems to meet the most demanding users' needs, especially about hands-free dictation.

With the advent of voice-activated commands, automation, and human-liberated control have evolved. An intelligent security application that could improve user convenience is voice recognition technology.

This article proposes an IoT-based home security framework to improve customer interaction and system management through voice and button commands.

The proposed IoT-based framework can enhance and optimize lighting and security control by integrating speech recognition with a Raspberry Pi-based framework for intrusion detection.

Requirements

For a smart home to be more secure and energy-efficient, its design must allow for real-time control and monitoring.

The understanding and handling of user instructions and sensor information in the smart home environment requires a variety of sensors with a precise and responsive methodology.

Incorporating sustainability principles plays a vital role because the system should have the ability to adapt to future needs and advancements.

Quality assessment is another important criterion for improving user engagement and knowledge capacities.

Layered Framework Design for Enhanced Security

A novel and possibly revolutionary approach to the IoT smart home design is born from combining varied components from different domains.

Fig 1 depicts the IoT smart home architecture, a layered system that thoroughly protects residential properties. Three separate layers that make up the framework are

● Hardware Layer

● Software Layer

● Applications layer

Each layer comprises many components that operate together to create a safe and effective smart home environment. This IoT-enabled system is built to adapt and work with future smart homes because it uses popular platforms and protocols like MQTT for communication and Google Assistant for voice control.

Fig. 1 IoT-based smart home framework Source: MDPI

Hardware Layer

The base level comprises of

● Raspberry Pi

● PIR sensors

● Buzzers

● Lights

● Relay

This layer is crucial because they have a Raspberry Pi center controlling unit responsible for processing data from different sensors and sending signals to turn on lights or sound alarms. They also detect intrusions with the PIR sensor and notify people through buzzers and lights.

Software Layer

The software layer lies above the hardware and acts as a mediator, allowing signals from the hardware to be converted into actionable data. Two of the many components of the Raspberry Pi software bundle are operating systems and system drivers.

It comprises of

● A web socket server for real-time communication

● Message queuing technology for lightweight messaging (MQTT)

● Internet connection protocols (TCP/IP)

● Python and Java libraries for coding

● Application programming interfaces (APIs) for connecting with smart devices and enabling voice command capabilities (e.g., Blynk and Google Assistant)

User Interface or Application Layer

The top layer is where the user engages with the system. It comprises user-friendly applications that allow for the delivery of notifications and use voice and button commands to control the system. The user interface layer controls the system, regardless of the user's location or whether they access the system remotely over Wi-Fi, 4G, or 5G networks.

Advantages

The design of the IoT framework significantly improves home automation and security. The framework provides a holistic approach to smart home solutions by integrating many technical components and layers, including user interface apps and physical hardware.

Taking inspiration from a wide range of system design areas, the IoT smart home framework offers a revolutionary multilayered approach. The framework offers more modular and interchangeable elements, integrating unique layering components compared to earlier models.

The suggested layout makes upgrades and maintenance easier, and it stands out for its remarkable capacity to accommodate new technology, like 5G communication technology and the most recent generations of network connectivity.

Compared to earlier systems, the security elements of the framework are more advanced. This is especially true with regard to the inclusion of PIR sensors and real-time alarm systems.

To guarantee flawless operation and easy user involvement, each framework layer runs independently. This unique modification improves the system's responsiveness and capabilities for learning and adapting to the homeowner's preferences and habits over time.

There are several benefits to the IoT-based framework because it separates functionalities into separate layers. The system's adaptability to emerging technologies is ensured by this layering process, which provides flexibility in selecting and integrating diverse components. As a bonus, it encourages devices and services to work together, which makes integration much easier.

In addition, the layered structure allows for

● Precision configuration

● Total adjustments and calibrations at every level

● Improved performance of smart home automation functionalities

● Precise reactions to security threats

Summarizing the Key Points

● The evolution of IoT-based smart home security systems showcases the transformative potential of technologies like Raspberry Pi and PIR sensors.

● Integration of voice recognition technology enhances user experience and system efficiency in smart home security setups.

● Layered framework design ensures adaptability, precision, and optimal performance in responding to security threats.

● Attention to energy monitoring and sustainability principles highlights the importance of eco-friendly and efficient smart home solutions.